Its core portion is supplied by the phrenic arteries [3], while the costal margins are supplied by the five lower intercostal and subcostal arteries. All of these blood arteries link and open into one another (anastomose) to ensure that the diaphragm receives enough blood flow [5]. Each artery is followed by a vein, with the phrenic veins serving as the principal drainage system for the dome-shaped respiratory muscle. The left phrenic vein empties into the left renal vein, suprarenal vein, or inferior vena cava, whereas the right phrenic vein empties into the inferior vena cava [5].
The abdomen is split into quadrants or sections that correspond to the placement of various organs and structures. Quadrants are traditionally classified as the left upper, left lower, right upper, and right lower. [reference required] Quadrants are also often used to denote the location of abdominal discomfort. [12] Additionally, the abdomen is split into nine parts.
oblique external
These muscle fibers originate diagonally downward from lateral to medial, in the same way as if you were to put your hands in your pockets. When both sides compress, the trunk flexes. When just one side contracts, it aids in trunk rotation and/or lateral flexion. It originates from the bottom eight ribs and enters into the Linea Alba, a massive tendon. The inguinal ligament forms the inferior boundary of the external oblique aponeurosis.
Abdominal Muscles
The abdominal skeletal muscles are a component of the abdominal wall, which holds and protects the digestive system. The abdominal wall is composed of five muscles that are separated into vertical and flat groups. The flat muscles are responsible for trunk flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation. The fibers travel in various directions and cross over one another, reinforcing the abdominal wall. When a person walks, the vertical muscles assist in squeezing the abdominal cavity, supporting the pelvis, and depressing the ribs. The muscles create aponeuroses toward the midline, which combine into the linea alba.
